Tips

For easy stress-free Thanksgiving dinner, choose items that can be made in advance

Planning the Thanksgiving Menu

As I mentioned last week, I know it is the second week of October, but now is the time to start thinking about your holiday plans. Whether you are hosting, visiting or bringing a dish to share, now is the time to start getting organized so that everything goes off without a hitch and holiday stress never even enters the picture. Here is part two of the Thanksgiving Guide: How to Plan the Perfect Meal. Check out last week’s article on Who’s coming to dinner, to see how party invitations can make the meal easy and fun for all. This week we are getting into the food and planning the Thanksgiving dinner menu.

Step Two: Planning The Thanksgiving Menu (Dinner)

Thanksgiving Menu, choose items that can be made in advance

(For easy stress-free Thanksgiving dinner, choose items that can be made in advance)

Now planning the meal to fit everyone’s tastes is the next dilemma. Over the years I have found, at least with my family, that Thanksgiving above all other holidays and yearly celebrations is the meal that has the most traditional and expected foods. They may like the new ginger carrot soup or a unique twist on stuffing, but for the most part my family likes the same traditional mashed potatoes and gravy foods.

This year I was inviting a few friends to join us. I always love learning about new foods and traditions, so on the response card I sent I included a few suggestions for people to choose their top three favorite sides and types of pie. This gave me a chance to see what people wanted, if there were any diet restrictions I was unaware of, and plan a menu to appeal to the most tastes. This also came from my refusal to serve 8 different types of sides as I didn’t want all those leftovers, there is only so much space to cook in the kitchen, and I am an advocate of a balanced meal.

Having guests choose their top three favorites allows me to pick the most common items that appealed to the group. In previous Thanksgivings my mom would make it all mashed potatoes, stuffing, sweet potatoes, corn bread, butter rolls, and candied yams. That’s 6 sides that are all starches. I refused to the sugar carb overload and limited it to 3 starch options for my final meal. The winners were mashed potatoes, candied yams and traditional stuffing. At dinner, when someone asked about the corn bread, I simply said, “It didn’t make the cut. These were the top choices. You will have to vote for it next year”. Now that I had an idea of what people wanted, I got to work planning the Thanksgiving menu.

Thanksgiving Response cards with meal choices

(Thanksgiving Response cards with meal choices)

With any dinner party, a carefully planned menu is the key to a relaxing evening or the one with last-minute stress. However, I have found that many people skip this step altogether just pulling together things that sound good or look good as an afterthought. Don’t do this. I know it takes a few moments to “plan” a menu but the few moments of planning will save you from several stressed moments in the future if done right.

The key to a stress-free dinner party is to plan a meal where the majority of the items can be prepared in advance. The larger the party, the more advance prep is needed. As a general rule, if my menu requires more than 2 things to be cooked or finished up last minute, it needs to be revised. The reason for this is that I am only one person feeding 20 plus. I can only do so much. Unless you have knowledgeable helpers that will actually help when needed, doing more than 2 things while getting all the rest of the food on the table is just too much for one person. The time spent in the kitchen starts to outweigh the time spent with guests and it’s not worth it. Remember, it is about the food indeed, but the whole reason you have people over is to spend time with them – not work in the kitchen.

Letting my guests help with my “check what you want” response cards made menu planning pretty simple. I took the top choices from selections and then rounded out with what I wanted and what worked for me. Guests chose mashed potatoes, candied yams and traditional stuffing and desserts: apple pie, pumpkin pie and pecan pie. This is how I rounded it out making accommodations for my two gluten-free guests as well.

Other strategies like hosting a Thanksgiving pot luck and having guests bring parts of the meal work well too as long as you are clear about who is bringing what and as long as guests show up on time with the dish, making for less prep work for the host and still creating a homemade meal.

My Thanksgiving Dinner Menu

  • Grilled and Sous Vide* Turkey with Gravy
  • Mashed Potatoes and butter
  • Candied yams
  • Traditional stuffing
  • Pomegranate kale salad with spiced pecans
  • Brown butter sage roasted carrots
  • Grand Marnier Cranberry sauce

Note that no one actually requested any type of vegetable. They all chose starches, I wanted to serve a balanced meal so I put in the somewhat safe roasted carrots and the stretchy one to test new tastes and pallets. I was interested to see how the kale salad would go over. I chose kale mainly because it is very healthy, it’s pretty, and since it is a more fibrous green, it can be tossed together in advance. It actually gets better and softer with a little time,fitting into my prep in advance meal plan. To my surprise half of the guests did eat and enjoy the kale salad.

The Grand Marnier Cranberry sauce didn’t make the cut either, but my mother insisted on having it. So I said she was welcome to make it and bring it ready to serve for dinner if she wanted.

Stay in touch! Next week we dive further into the menu with the Thanksgiving Guide: How to Plan the Perfect Meal appetizers section.

* Sous vide is a technique to prepare food to the perfect doneness while retaining the foods’ nutrients and juices. The technique uses immersion circulation that works by moving water at a constant temperature in a pot. To cook sous vide, you first seal your food in a plastic bag using a vacuum sealer; then, submerge the bag into the heated water bath for a period of time. Because this does not get the skin crispy, we finished the turkey breast by deep fat flash frying it. The great thing about sous vide cooking is that because it is in a water bath of a particular temperature the item can never get overcooked, keeping it tender and juicy for hours if needed. This was also a recent birthday present I was excited to try out. To be honest, it worked wonderfully and I am sure it will come out future festivities.

Who’s coming to dinner: The party invitation

Thanksgiving Guide: How to Plan the Perfect Meal

What you need to know to make sure you and your guests have a wonderful Thanksgiving Dinner

wonderful Thanksgiving Dinner

Who’s coming to dinner: The party invitation

Throughout the years there are several holidays and celebrations, each one bringing people together around food, but of all the celebrations I think Thanksgiving is the ultimate American Food Holiday. There are no material gifts, special services or rituals – just simply bringing those we love together, giving thanks for all we have and dining in a feast of delicious food.

With that said, I think the Thanksgiving meal is the most stressed-over meal of the year. There are so many moving parts, people to accommodate, timing is critical, oven space is a commodity. And how many times other than this holiday do people really cook an entire bird? – Never! This leaves too much to chance and plenty of areas for things to go horribly wrong.

Which is why I am writing this article for you in early October, not early November. There is a reason. A little bit of planning goes a long way to making a delicious and stress-free evening later that everyone will truly enjoy. The time you put in now will be rewarded as you will be sipping a glass of wine by the fire rather than yelling at your kids to pick up their toys and your husband to get the bird cooking.

We have all been there, or at least witnessed the stressed out host, the still frozen bird, the sweet potatoes that caught on fire or the pie that was dropped. After helping my mother for years and assisting clients host many parties, my husband and I hosted our first Thanksgiving in our new home last year. We had a houseful of guests, with 23 adults, 2 kids and 1 baby, and it went off wonderfully. Here is my Thanksgiving entertaining and cooking guide filled with hosting secrets on how to plan the perfect meal setting you up for holiday entertaining success.

I have broken this Thanksgiving guide into several pieces. So stay tuned each week! I will walk you through exactly what I did and how you can plan the perfect meal too.

Step One: Be clear on your guests and communicate well in advance

Who’s coming to dinner: The party invitation

(When you know who is coming, it is easier to plan and make accommodations in advance)

We are all busy, and lately it seems like every other person has a specific diet need, restriction or plan, “I just won’t eat that” issue. This fact alone would deter a person from wanting to cook and gather people together. Here are some solutions.

Here is what I did. I love getting real mail, so I thought it would be fun to send actual invitations for Thanksgiving complete with a response card for easy menu planning.

thansgiving invitations
(Thanksgiving invitations and response cards)

For some, Thanksgiving is hard as there are many people we want to see – friends, significant others and divided families – sometimes making for 2-6 stops in the day. As a host, you want to be as flexible and accommodating as possible to welcome your guests. However, what I have learned with large family gatherings is that no matter how hard I try, there is no pleasing everyone. Inevitably something will not work out for someone and that’s ok. Everyone gets to make his or her own choices and that is not part of my job. My job as a host is to provide a welcoming environment, some nice conversation and a delicious meal to those who attend. Since I am doing most of the work for the event, I take into account as many factors as I can to please others, and I do what fits for me.

Sending invitations early gives people a chance to plan and make decisions early in advance rather than scrambling to figure out details and fit it all in last minute, which is stressful for many. To make the most flexible accommodations with a large meal, I broke it up into courses with timeline guides: Appetizers and Cocktails at 2pm, Main Dinner at 4pm and Dessert at 6pm. This allows guests to come for as much or as little as they want and gives time so that they don’t arrive mid meal and you are scrambling for another place setting, more on this later. Some guests only came for appetizers, other just for dinner or dessert. It is important that guests R.S.V.P. or you follow up with them to get counts on how many people to expect so you can plan accordingly.

Stay turned for the rest of this series to set up the perfect Thanksgiving meal.

Make Food Pretty

Eat with your Eyes. Plating Food

mini tomato soup and grilled cheese shooters

How you place food on the plate matters more than most people realize. Whether you are sitting at a table, standing at a cocktail party, or walking through a buffet, appropriate plating is the key making your food experience memorable or misfortunate. Lack of plate planning can cause boring dinners, appetizers that drip down your shirt, and messy buffet tables. Plating food or arranging food on the plate is where you can be the most creative, as well as make almost any food fit the occasion or situation.

There are three different aspects to consider when plating:

  • The actual plate the food will be served on
  • How you place the food on the plate
  • The style of service (how the food will be served)

Style of service

The key is to think not only about the food you want to serve but how your guests will be eating it. You can serve your favorite recipes as main dishes or as appetizers just by re-thinking how you plate them. Serving heavy, messy foods like spaghetti and meatballs at an event where seating is limited works if you serve the pasta and meatballs in small, bite-size portions in cups so it can easily be managed and enjoyed. This is taking how you may traditionally serve food and going outside the box to create something new or approach it differently just by how it is presented.

Lastly, remember that hot food should be served hot and cold food should be served cold. This seems like a basic idea, but it’s one that often gets overlooked. Your guests will be eating the food after they appreciate its beauty, so don’t get too caught up in perfecting every detail; keep it simple and remember that the food should look naturally edible, not obscurely arranged. Warm plates in the oven before putting food on them to help keep food hot or chill the plates in the refrigerator to keep foods cool. Above all, have fun, play with your food, and use your imagination! You never know what masterpiece is waiting to be created.

For more on this topic check out Impressions at Home and get your copy of The Pretty Plate.

Caprese Salad on skewers

(Caprese Salad on skewers makes it easier to eat for an outdoor event)

The Pretty Plate can make you shine, with these simple techniques. Watch here:

Get your copy today!

 

 

 

Common Food Subsitutions

Common Food Substitutions

Have you ever made something and it just did not turn out right? Sometimes recipes just don’t work, but sometimes there are small changes in ingredients that affect the end results. The science of cooking, the amount of fat, sugar, salt, acid, leavening agents like yeast and baking soda all change the properties of ingredients achieving different results. When you know how to handle them and what cause certain reactions you can alter recipes easily to fit your desired needs and tastes.

In baking this is especially true, that is why proper measuring is important. Often professional bakers measure ingredients not by cups and teaspoons but by weight so they are accurate and consistent every time. I want to introduce you to a great blog that I follow: meet Tessa, from Handle The Heat. She is great at testing out ingredients and recipes to find the very best one and let you know why ingredients behave specific ways.

Take a look at some of her projects below on how altering one ingredient can change the same cookie recipe:

chocolate chip cookies
Altering ingredients in hocolate chip cookies

And the difference between shortening and butter in baking biscuits:

shortening and butter in baking biscuits
Shortening and Butter in baking biscuits

The science of cooking is very interesting resulting in very tasty treats. A great way to start creating your own signature dishes and working from pantry is to know some good shortcuts and common food substitutions that can work wonders in a pinch. Here is your simple guide to common food substitutions so you no longer have to run to the store for that one missing ingredient.

Common Food Subsitutions
Common Food Subsitutions

Guide to Common Food Substitutions 

Allspice
Amount: 1 teaspoon
Substitute: 1/2 teaspoon cinnamon plus 1/2 teaspoon ground cloves

Apple Pie Spice
Amount: 1 teaspoon
Substitute: 1/2 teaspoon cinnamon plus 1/4 teaspoon nutmeg plus 1/8 teaspoon cardamom, 1/8 teaspoon ginger optional

Baking Powder

¼ teaspoon baking soda + 1/2 teaspoon cream of tartar
Use right away

Baking Soda
There is NO substitute for baking soda

Butter
Amount: 1 cup
Substitute:
– 1 cup regular margarine
– 1 cup vegetable shortening (for baking)
– An equal amount of oil can be substituted for a similar portion of MELTED butter if the recipe specifies using Melted butter

-Also see Healthy Common Food Substitutions for use of Apple Sauce and Banannas

TIP 1: According to the National Association of Margarine Manufacturers, you can tell “if the product is regular margarine by checking the Nutrition Facts: a 1 tablespoon serving will have 100 calories.” Products that contain less than 80 percent fat often give the fat percentage on the front of the package.

If the margarine is labeled “light,” “lower fat,” “reduced fat,” “reduced calorie/diet” or “fat-free” or is called a “vegetable oil spread,” you may be less successful substituting it for butter OR for regular margarine in baking and in some cooking procedures. These products are higher in water and lower in fat content and won’t perform in the same way as regular butter or margarine.

TIP 2: There is no standard procedure to substitute liquid oil for solid shortening in cooking. Oil is 100 percent fat, while butter, margarine and other solid shortenings are lower in fat on a volume-for-volume basis.

Also, for some recipes, solid shortening helps incorporate air into the batter when it is whipped with other ingredients such as sugar and eggs. If you try to whip these ingredients with oil, your baked product is likely to be more compact and oily in texture. Your most successful substitution occurs if your recipe calls for MELTED butter, in which case you can usually substitute an equal amount of oil.

Buttermilk
Amount: 1 cup
Substitute: 1 cup milk + 1 tablespoon lemon juice or white or cider vinegar
Let stand to thicken, about 10 minutes. Not suitable for raw applications, such as a buttermilk dressing.

Chocolate:
Unsweetened Chocolate:
Amount: 1 ounce Substitute: 3 tablespoons cocoa powder + 1 tablespoon vegetable oil.
Or 1 ½ ounces bittersweet or semisweet chocolate. Remove 1 tablespoon sugar from the recipe.

Bittersweet or Semisweet Chocolate
Amount: 1 ounce
Substitute: 2/3 ounce unsweetened chocolate + 2 teaspoons sugar.
Works well with fudgy brownies. Do not use in a custard or cake.

Egg
Amount: 1 whole egg
Substitute:
1/4 cup liquid egg substitute
Reconstituted powdered eggs; follow package directions
1 tablespoon ground flax seed + 3 tablespoons water (mix till thick and creamy)
1 tablespoon chia seed + 1/3 cup water (mix let stand for 15 min)
1 tablespoon soy protein powder + 3 tablespoons water
½ mashed banana
¼ cup unsweetened applesauce
3 tablespoons peanut butter
2 tablespoons mayonnaise (suitable for use in cake batter)

TIP: If you don’t use eggs very often, you may find it helpful to keep some powdered eggs on hand.

Flour, All-Purpose White Flour
Amount: 1 cup
Substitute: 1/2 cup whole-wheat flour plus 1/2 cup all-purpose flour.
TIP: It’s generally recommended that you replace no more than half the all-purpose white flour with whole-wheat flour. Too much whole-wheat flour in a recipe calling for all-purpose flour might result in a reduced volume and a heavier product.

Flour, Cake
Amount: 1 cup
Substitute: 1 cup minus 2 tablespoons all-purpose flour

Flour, Self-Rising
Amount: 1 cup
Substitute: 1 cup minus 2 teaspoons all-purpose flour plus 1 1/2 teaspoons baking powder and 1/2 teaspoon salt

Garlic
Amount: 1 small clove
Substitute: 1/8 teaspoon garlic powder

Half-and-Half
Amount: 1 cup
Substitute:  ¾ cup whole milk + 1/4 cup heavy cream
or 2/3 cup low fat milk + 1/3 cup heavy cream

Heavy Cream
Amount: 1 cup
Substitute: 1 cup evaporated milk
Not suitable for whipping or baking, but fine for soups and sauces.

Lemon Zest (fresh grated lemon peel)
Amount: 1 teaspoon
Substitute: 1/2 teaspoon lemon extract

Marshmallows, Miniature
Amount: 1 cup
Substitute: 10 large marshmallows

Mayonnaise (for use in salads and salad dressings)
Amount: 1 cup
Substitute:
– 1 cup sour cream
– 1 cup yogurt
– 1 cup cottage cheese pureed in a blender
– Or use any of the above for part of the mayonnaise

Mustard, Dry (in cooked mixtures)
Amount: 1 teaspoon
Substitute: 1 tablespoon prepared mustard

Onion
Amount: 1 small or 1/4 cup chopped, fresh onion
Substitute: 1 tablespoon instant minced onion

TIP: Dried onion may be added directly to moist foods such as soups, gravies, sauces and salad dressings. You may need to rehydrate it with a little water before adding it to drier foods. Check package directions — one brand advises adding an equal amount of water and letting the dried onion stand 5 to 10 minutes.

Pasta (substituting one for another)
Amount: 4 cups COOKED
Substitute: The National Pasta Association suggests these substitution ratios.

– 8 ounces of UNCOOKED elbow macaroni, medium shells, rotini, twists, spirals, wagon wheels, bow ties, mostaccioli, penne, radiatore, rigatoni, spaghetti, angel hair, linguine, vermicelli and fettuccine all produce about 4 cups COOKED pasta

– Use about twice as much UNCOOKED egg noodles to provide 4 cups COOKED pasta. Approximately 8 ounces UNCOOKED egg noodles equal 2 1/2 cups COOKED noodles.

Pumpkin Pie Spice
Amount: 1 teaspoon
Substitute: 1/2 teaspoon cinnamon plus 1/4 teaspoon ground ginger plus 1/8 teaspoon ground allspice plus 1/8 teaspoon ground nutmeg

Rice 1 cup dry = about 3 cups cooked
Amount: Any amount
Substitute: Most rice products will substitute for each other on a fairly equal basis in recipes; however, their cooking times and the amount of liquid needed may vary. If possible, choose a rice with a comparable grain length for the closest match. Visit the USA Rice Federation’s site to learn more about cooking with the different forms of rice.

Rum
Amount: any amount
Substitute: 1 part rum extract plus 3 parts water. For example: for 1/4 cup rum, substitute 1 tablespoon rum extract plus 3 tablespoons water.

Sour Cream
Amount: 1 cup
Substitute: 1 cup plain whole-milk yogurt
Nonfat and lowfat yogurts are too lean to replace sour cream.

Sugar:
Brown Sugar (light)
Amount: 1 cup
Substitute: 1 cup granulated sugar + 1 tablespoon molasses

Brown Sugar (dark)
Amount: 1 cup
Substitute:  1 cup granulated sugar + 2 tablespoons molasses
Pulse the molasses in a food processor along with the sugar or simply add it along with the other wet ingredients.

Powdered/ Confectioners Sugar
Amount: 1 cup
Substitute: 1 cup granulated sugar + 1 teaspoon cornstarch,
ground in a blender (not a food processor)
Works well for dusting over cakes, less so in frostings and glazes

Tomato Juice
Amount: 1 cup
Substitute: 1/2 cup tomato sauce plus 1/2 cup water

Yeast
Amount: 1 compressed cake (3/5 ounce)
Substitute:
– 1 package (1/4 ounce) active dry yeast
– about or slightly less than 2 1/2 teaspoons loose active dry yeast

Yogurt (Plain)
Amount: 1 cup
Substitute:  1 cup sour cream

White Wine
Amount: ½ cup
Substitutes:

½ cup broth + 1 teaspoon wine vinegar
Add just before serving.

½ cup broth + 1 teaspoon lemon juice
Add just before serving.

½ cup Vermouth
The same amount of apple juice or white grape juice

Healthier Common food Substitutions:

Cooking at home rather than eating out is one of the best ways to start eating healthier. To boot the nutritional value of your meal try some of theses healthier common food substitutions to make your recipes that much better.

Applesauce: Use in baked goods to cut the fat. Use in place of half the called for amount of butter or oil. Perfect for muffins, breads, brownies and some cakes.

Nonfat Greek yogurt: Use to cut calories and add protein by replacing mayonnaise or sour cream.

Avocado: make the fat a healthier one. Avocados are high in monounsaturated “good” fats, which help you maintain healthy cholesterol levels and stave off heart problems. Use in place of butter, oil or cream in whipped dressings, spreads and mousse.

Bananas: High in potassium can help cut sugar and fat but in baking. Use ½ mashed banana is place of half the mount of butter or oil or use in place of 1 egg. If using mashed bananas as a sugar substitute, cut the amount of liquid called for in half to maintain the same level of moisture and texture.

Rolled oats, crushed nuts or ground seeds add good fats, fiber and nutrients use in place of bread crumbs for crunch coatings on chicken or casserole toppings.

Soda Water: Use in place of Tonic water. Tonic water is high in sugar, while soda water contains none

Whole Wheat Flour: Use in place of half the called for amount of all purpose flour

Veggie “noodles”: Make using a vegetable peeler or a mandolin to make long, zucchini or spaghetti squash use in place of pasta.

Potato Puree: add to a soup to make it thick and creamy, or puree part of a vegetable soup, use in place of heavy cream

Common Cooking Conversions, Math in the Kitchen

Common Cooking Conversions, Math in the Kitchen

Common Cooking Conversions, Math in the Kitchen

(Common Cooking Conversions, 1 cup rice equals 3 cups cooked)

In the essence of “back to school” and learning new skills this month is all about what else we can learn from food. I love food not only because it tastes delicious and fills the need of hunger. From food you can also learn about the art, history, culture, math and science. Making a meal together fills our stomachs, brings us together and transforms the kitchen into a fun learning environment.

This week try bringing out a little math in the kitchen with common cooking conversions. When preparing a meal this week add a little fun learning. Ask younger kids to count the ingredients needed for a recipe or help measure out what is needed. For older kids let them help figure out how to time the meal based on time and temperature. For example, if the casserole has to bake at 350 for 45 minutes and the vegetables only take 20 minutes, when should the items go in the oven to have everything done for 6pm dinnertime? Or try doubling a recipe to make the second batch for a meal at a later time. If you are making a dessert like a cake or pie talk about fractions when serving it.

To make recipe alterations easy use this measurement conversion chart.

measurement conversation chart

Sometimes it’s hard to know how much of an ingredient is actually need. When you know rough basic measurements of items it saves you time from having to exactly measure ingredients for recipes such as stir fry and casseroles. When baking make sure your measurements are more exact as the amount of flour, sugar, fat and leavening agents can drastically change the science of cooking and your end results. Here are some common cooking conversions for ingredients to make cooking easier and quicker.

General Food Conversions:

  • Rice:        1 cup instant = 1 ½ cups cooked
  •                  1 cup white or brown = 3 cups cooked
  • Beans:     1 cup dry =2 ½ cups cooked
  • Pasta:      8 ounces dry =4 cups cooked
  •                  or 5 ½ fine noodles like couscous
  • Bread:     2 slices fresh = 1 cup crumbs or cubes
  • Butter:     1 stick = ½ cup = 8 tablespoons
  •                  4 sticks = 2 cups = 1 pound
  • Cheese:   8 ounces = 2 cups shredded
  •                  2 ounces= ½ cup shredded
  •                  1 pound =4.5 cup shredded
  • Cream:    1 cup heavy cream = 2 cups whipped
  • Chocolate:  1 cup = 6 oz. chips
  •                 1 pound cocoa = 4 cups
  • Flour:       1 pound = 3 ½ cups
  • Sugar:     1 pound = 2 cups granulated
  •                  or 2 ¼ cups packed brown
  •                  or 4 ½ cups powdered
  • Eggs:        7 large = 1 cup whites
  •                  1 large egg = ¼ cup liquid egg substitute
  • Berries:     1 pint =2 ¼ cups
  • Apple:      1 medium = 1 cup sliced
  • Lemon:    1 medium = 1 teaspoons grated zest and 2 tablespoons juice
  • Herb:        1 tablespoons fresh = 1 teaspoon dry
  • Carrot:     1 large = 1 cup grated
  •                   1 pound raw = 2 ½ cups sliced
  • Onion:      1 large =1 cup chopped
  •                   1 medium =1/2 cup chopped
  •                   1 small = ¼ cup chopped
  • Potato:     1 medium = 1 cup sliced or cubed
  • Bell pepper: 1 large = 1 cup chopped
  • Tomato:   1 large = 1 cup chopped

Oven terms and temps

  • Warming: 200 Degrees F.                    95-100 Degrees C.
  • Very Slow: 250-275 Degrees F.           120-140 Degrees C.
  • Slow: 300-325 Degrees F.                    150-160 Degrees C.
  • Moderate: 350-375 Degrees F.          180-190 Degrees C.
  • Hot: 400-425 Degrees F.                      200-220 Degrees C.
  • Very Hot: 450-475 Degrees F.             230-240 Degrees C.
  • Broil: 500-550 Degrees F.                     260-290 Degrees C.

Ovens can very in temperatures drastically just because it says it is at 350 does not mean it is always accurate be sure to check the temperature of your oven and have it calibrated correctly for best results.

Baking Pan Volume:

  • 11x7x2 = 6 cups
  • 13x9x2 = 14 cups
  • 9x9x1.5 = 8cups
  • 9x9x2 = 10 cups
  • 10x 10x 2 = 12 cups
  • 8x8x1.5 = 6 cups
  • 8x8x2 = 8 cups
  • 8x 1.5 circle = 4 cups
  • 8×2 circle = 6 cups
  • 9x 1.5 circle = 6 cups
  • 9×2 circle = 8 cups
  • 10 x 2 circle = 12 cups
  • 8x4x2 loaf = 4 cups
  • 9x5x3 loaf= 8 cups